The Citheronia occur from the southern United States south throughout Central America into South America as far south as Argentina. The 23 species currently recognized are large and colorful moths with equally large and sometimes spectacular caterpillars.

The rearing of most species isn't very difficult. Some of them, like for example Citheronia regalis and beledonon, are even suitable for newcomers. Many of them do well on Prunus serotina and Liquidambar.